Artificial Intelligence

Artificial Intelligence, abbreviated as AI, serves as a crucial driving force in the new wave of technological revolution and industrial transformation. 

It is a new technical science that involves the study, development, theory, methods, techniques, and application systems used to simulate, extend, and expand human intelligence. 

AI is a significant component of the field of intelligence studies, aiming to comprehend the essence of intelligence and create intelligent machines that can react in a manner similar to human intelligence. This expansive scientific discipline encompasses robotics, speech recognition, image recognition, natural language processing, expert systems, machine learning, computer vision, and more. 

The governance challenges posed by large AI models are noteworthy. Musk highlights that the underlying nature of AI machine learning is fundamentally statistical. To foster a conducive innovative ecosystem, proactive research and the establishment of a robust legal framework, institutional systems, and ethical standards safeguarding the healthy development of AI are imperative. 

Looking towards the future, alongside risk prevention measures, the establishment of fault tolerance and error correction mechanisms is essential to achieve a dynamic equilibrium between regulation and development.

Professor Nelson defined artificial intelligence as "the discipline of knowledge - how to represent knowledge and how to acquire and use knowledge scientifically." 

Another professor, Winston from MIT, believes that "artificial intelligence is about researching how to make computers perform intelligent tasks that previously only humans could do." 

These statements reflect the fundamental ideas and content of the field of artificial intelligence. It involves studying the principles of human intelligence activities, creating artificial systems with certain intelligence, and exploring how to enable computers to accomplish tasks that previously required human intellect. 

Since the 1970s, artificial intelligence has been recognized as one of the world's top three cutting-edge technologies (space technology, energy technology, artificial intelligence). It is also considered one of the top three cutting-edge technologies of the 21st century (genetic engineering, nanoscience, artificial intelligence). This is due to its rapid development over the past thirty years, its widespread application in many disciplines, and its significant achievements. Artificial intelligence has gradually evolved into an independent field, establishing itself as a systematic discipline in both theoretical and practical aspects.

Artificial intelligence is the discipline of studying the use of computers to simulate certain human thinking processes and intelligent behaviors (such as learning, reasoning, thinking, and planning). 

It primarily involves the principles of implementing intelligence in computers, creating computers that mimic human brain intelligence to enable higher-level applications. Artificial intelligence spans across disciplines like computer science, psychology, philosophy, and linguistics. It encompasses nearly all natural and social sciences, extending far beyond the realm of computer science. The relationship between artificial intelligence and cognitive science is one of practical application and theory. 

Artificial intelligence operates at the technical application level of cognitive science, serving as a branch of its application. From a cognitive standpoint, artificial intelligence goes beyond mere logical thinking, requiring consideration of visual thinking and inspirational thinking to drive breakthrough developments.

Mathematics is widely regarded as the fundamental science underlying multiple disciplines, entering into the realms of language and thought. The discipline of artificial intelligence must also leverage mathematical tools. Mathematics plays a role not only in standard logic and fuzzy mathematics but also in artificial intelligence. As mathematics is integrated into the field of artificial intelligence, they mutually advance and expedite each other's development.